Dutch researchers investigated if associations between Cannabis sativa use and psychotic symptoms occur independently or occur as a consequence of previous/other types of psychopathology. A 14-year follow-up study of 1580 initially 4- to 16-year-olds who were drawn randomly from the Dutch general population was conducted. At initial assessment, psychopathology was assessed with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Across the 14-year follow-up period, C. sativa use and psychotic symptoms were assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Because cannabis use is generally condoned in The Netherlands, false-negative reports of cannabis use may occur less frequently than in countries with stricter drug policies, which supports the value of the present study. Survival analyses indicated that the association between cannabis use and psychotic symptoms occurred independently of initial CBCL scores.