Canadian researchers conducted a systematic review of reasons for, and socio-demographic and disease characteristics associated with, CAM use in cancer patients. Fifty-two eligible studies were identified, which were conducted in 14 different countries. A therapeutic response, wanting control, a strong belief in CAM, CAM as a last resort and finding hope were the most commonly cited reasons for using CAM. Age, socio-economic status and gender were the dominant characteristics associated with CAM use.